Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Eastern Dogwood, Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) 'Pygmaea' supplied by member gardeners in the … The Eastern Flowering Dogwood is a small tree with a layered branching pattern and simple, opposite leaves. Activities that are likely to result in the destruction of critical habitat include, but are not limited to: Activities that compact the soil and/or cause soil erosion (e.g., use of off-trail vehicles [ATVs] or heavy machinery) resulting in alteration of the biophysical conditions required for germination, establishment and growth of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood; Activities that remove the vegetation component of critical habitat, such as clear-cut forest harvesting, spraying of herbicides and conversion to other land-uses, resulting in alteration of the biophysical conditions required for survival and reproduction of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood; Activities that alter the hydrology or moisture levels of the ground (e.g., ditching or tiling to alter drainage, construction of water control structures) resulting in ground that is too wet or too dry to be suitable for establishment and growth of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood. ON. 2009. They grow up to 10 m high and 20 cm in diameter. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Broad Strategies and General Approaches to Meet Objectives, 5.1 Activities Likely to Result in the Destruction of Critical Habitat, 8. Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida Dogwood family (Cornaceae) Description: This shrub or tree is about 10-30' tall with ascending to spreading branches and a somewhat irregular crown. Carr, D.E. -hickory (Carya spp.) In Ontario, the Eastern Flowering Dogwood is found only in the Carolinian Zone, a narrow band extending from the southeastern shore of Lake Huron to the west end of Lake Ontario. Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC). A habitat regulation is a legal instrument that prescribes an area that will be protected as the habitat of the species by the Province of Ontario. Fitzhenry & Whiteside Ltd. Toronto. You will not receive a reply. Sufficient suitable habitat is available to support the species or could be made available through habitat management or restoration. The Eastern Flowering Dogwood is a small tree with a layered branching pattern and simple, opposite leaves. Bark of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood is rough and divided into quadrangular plates. The Eastern Flowering Dogwood is a small shrub or tree that reaches 3-10 metres in height. Government of Canada. Ecological Applications 17: 869-881. ), hickory (Carya spp. The bark of larger trees is brownish-grey and separated into scales, giving it the appearance of alligator skin. The following sections have been included to address specific requirements of SARA that are not addressed in the Recovery Strategy for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) in Ontario (Part 2). Zones 4-9. Holzmueller, E.J., S. Jose, M. Jenkins, A. Farrar, J.L.. 1995. Download all free or royalty-free photos and vectors. Graham, W.T. Flowering dogwood has a low-branching habit with a flattish crown. Cynoxylon floridum, dogwood, eastern flowering dogwood, white cornel, white dogwood. In addition, wet conditions can increase the severity of dogwood anthracnose fungal infections; Activities that encourage the expansion of exotic, invasive or introduced species into the Eastern Flowering Dogwood critical habitat (e.g., introduction of seeds and/or plants through direct seeding or planting; or through vectors such as ATVs; or through dirt, gravel or soil that may contain propagules of non-native, invasive species) may increase resource competition resulting in unsuitable habitat characteristics and/or conditions for growth and survival. Official title: Recovery Strategy for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) in Canada - 2014, Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series Adopted under Section 44 of SARA. A strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is conducted on all SARA recovery planning documents, in accordance with the Cabinet Directive on the Environmental Assessment of Policy, Plan and Program Proposals. Jenkins. Formerly widespread throughout the eastern United States, Eastern Flowering Dogwood is secure nationally (N5) and is secure or is not ranked in most American states where it occurs (Appendix A). The federal recovery strategy for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood in Canada consists of three parts: Part 1 – Federal Addition to the Recovery Strategy for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) in Ontario, prepared by Environment Canada. Trees in Ontario: Including tall shrubs. The planning process based on national guidelines directly incorporates consideration of all environmental effects, with a particular focus on possible impacts upon non-target species or habitats. Genus Cornus can be deciduous shrubs or trees, or creeping, woody-based perennials, some with brightly coloured young stems. Flowering dogwood is susceptible to anthracnose, a devastating and incurable disease that can kill the tree. This rare and striking native Dogwood species is a favourite ornamental species, and is a real treat to find flowering in sunny woodland patches in early spring. The small and graceful flowering dogwood is a popular flowering ornamental of the Cornaceae family. This recovery strategy will benefit the environment by encouraging the recovery of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood and the Carolinian forest communities in which it occurs. Eastern Flowering Dogwood is a common species in the nursery trade due to its showy white flowers in the spring, and its striking red berries in the autumn and winter. Based on the following four criteria outlined by the draft SARA Policies (Government of Canada 2009), there are unknowns regarding the feasibility of recovery of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. The ELC framework, used to define the vegetation types within the area surrounding the trees, provides a standardized approach to the interpretation of dynamic ecosystem boundaries. Edmonton. NatureServe. Trees in Canada. Environment Canada, Ottawa. Decline of Cornus florida and forest succession in a Quercus-Carya forest. ISBN 978-1-100-22804-4 Catalogue no. Telephone conversation with H. Bickerton. Anthracnose-caused mortality of Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) at the Dean Hills Nature Preserve, Fayette County, Illinois, USA. Ecological Land Classification for Southern Ontario: First Approximations and Its Application. The ecological risks of such management activities will be considered before they are undertaken, in order to avoid or mitigate any negative effects. Photo by Sean Fox. In general, protecting the woodland habitat of this species and the ecosystems within which it is found will benefit many other species and ecosystem functions within the heavily impacted Carolinian forest. The goal of this recovery strategy is to conserve and protect extant populations of Eastern Flowering Dogwood, to reduce its rate of decline, and where possible, to restore populations of the species across its range in southern Ontario. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series. Part 3 – Eastern Flowering Dogwood: Ontario Government Response Statement, prepared by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Recovery techniques exist to achieve the population and distribution objectives or can be expected to be developed within a reasonable timeframe. Hibben, K.O. Reed, P. 1988. Oecologia 155: 347-356. While habitat loss, fragmentation, and alteration of Ontario’s Carolinian forests have likely Its presence in the state or province has not have been verified in the past 20 or more years. Species at Risk Act Policy and Guidelines Series. Other species can be quite different; for example, the Blackfruit Cornel, native to California, has small yellow-green blooms and a fruit which turns black when ripe, thus the name. Destruction is determined on a case-by-case basis. Obtained from NHIC staff, December 2010. Trees that are believed to be horticultural specimens and cultivars (e.g., those clearly planted in landscaped settings such as urban/suburban gardens and parks or in orchards) are not considered as existing populations (or portions thereof) in the above objective. The area populated by a vegetation type described by the Ecological Land Classification (, the vegetation type occurs naturally in Ontario, and. Eastern Flowering Dogwood is a small tree that reaches 3-10 metres in height and has oval leaves arranged in pairs along the branch. Environment Canada is adopting parts of the provincial recovery strategy (Part 2) and parts of the Government Response Statement (Part 3), as specified in this document. This White Flowering Variegated Dogwood has a dense upright habit (less spreading than other Cornus) with an abundance of white flower bracts in April or May. The species is restricted to the Carolinian Zone in southwestern Ontario. Unfortunately, the populations of Eastern Flowering Dogwood have been decimated since the introduction of Dogwood Anthracnose (Discula destructiva) in the 1990’s, in Ontario and throughout most of its range in Eastern North America. It has oval leaves arranged in pairs along its branches. Journal of Forestry 104: 21-26. Zones 5-9. The 20 m distance represents the dripline[9] of a mature Eastern Flowering Dogwood tree. I have a space in my backyard where I want to put in a semi-upright flowering tree. Schwegman, J.E., W.E. Windham, M.T., E.T. It is native from Maine to southern Ontario to Illinois to Kansas south to Florida, Texas and Mexico. Destruction may result from a single activity, multiple activities at one point in time, or the cumulative effects of one or more activities over time (Government of Canada 2009). The species is at the northern edge of its North American range in Ontario and is restricted to the Carolinian Zone of southern Ontario. White. It uses environmental and vegetation characteristics to identify vegetation types, and as such captures the biophysical attributes of Eastern Flowering Dogwood. AB. 1998. In contrast, dogwood's true flowers are inconspicuous and centered in the middle of showy, petal-like bracts. In some cases, these sections may also include updated information or modifications to the provincial recovery strategy for adoption by Environment Canada. Fruit important source of food for birds. Such vegetation types include successional meadows and thickets containing young oak (Quercus spp. 240 pp, Muma, W. 2011. 504 pp. The Minister of the Environment and the Minister responsible for the Parks Canada Agency are the competent ministers for the recovery of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood and have prepared the federal component of this recovery strategy (Part 1), as per section 37 of SARA. 1998. The provincial recovery strategy contains the following recovery goal for the recovery of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood in Ontario: The Government Response Statement[5] for the province of Ontario lists the following goal for the recovery of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood in Ontario: Under SARA, population and distribution objectives for the species must be established. 2006. The leaves of the Eastern Flowering Dogwood are 8-15 cm long, wedge-shaped and will turn red in autumn. This species and the Pacific dogwood are prone to dogwood anthracnose, which can be controlled by pruning away affected branches. Historically, the Eastern Flowering Dogwood occupied a significant portion … The species shares the range and preferred habitat characteristics of species at risk such as American Chestnut (Castanea dentata), Butternut (Juglans cinerea), Bird’s-foot Violet (Viola pedata), Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos), Hoary Mountain-mint (Pycnanthemum incanum), Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum), Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), Spotted Wintergreen (Chimaphila maculata), Whip-poor-will (Caprimulgus vociferus), and White Wood Aster (Eurybia divaricata), among others. 2010. Implementation of this strategy is subject to appropriations, priorities, and budgetary constraints of the participating jurisdictions and organizations. 4 Any structure (e.g., seed) that will give rise to a new individual. 2007. In cases where the aforementioned criteria are met, determination of restoration success and viability – as measured through plant vigour and fitness, successful sexual reproduction and level of disease tolerance – will precede identification of critical habitat at restoration sites. S1: Critically Imperilled = extreme rarity (often 5 or fewer occurrences) or very steep declines making it especially vulnerable to extirpation. Lone Pine Publishing. Soil: Dogwoods do best in moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soil that contains organic matter. S2: Imperilled = rarity due to very restricted range, very few populations (often 20 or fewer), steep declines, or other factors making it very vulnerable to extirpation. In the spirit of cooperation of the Accord, the Government of Ontario has given permission to the Government of Canada to adopt the Recovery Strategy for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) in Ontario (Part 2) under Section 44 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA). It may also occur in mixed (deciduous-coniferous) forests containing coniferous species including White Pine (Pinus strobus) and Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands: National Summary. Witte, J.L. Critical habitat schematic for existing Eastern Flowering Dogwood in Ontario. Ontario Tree Atlas map of non-planted Eastern Flowering Dogwood. Figure 1. National Wetland Inventory, U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, St. Petersburg, Florida. However, the species also occurs in rich woods, and occasionally in moist or lowland sites, as long as these are not seasonally flooded (COSEWIC 2007; NHIC 2010). Native to the Eastern U.S., this handsome tree thrives in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 5 through 9. (NHIC 2010; NatureServe 2010). Tiny flowers are borne in dense clusters, sometimes with … Following completion of the provincial recovery strategy for this species, a provincial habitat regulation was developed for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood under the ESA 2007. The hard and durable wood has served many commercial purposes, including in the manufacturing of golf club heads and rolling pins. The primary threats to the species or its habitat (including threats outside Canada) can be avoided or mitigated. Under SARA, critical habitat is ‘the habitat that is necessary for the survival or recovery of a listed wildlife species and that is identified as the species’ critical habitat in the recovery strategy or in an action plan for the species’. Ottawa. Flowering dogwood, by the way, is native only to eastern North America and does not occur in the Old World except where it has been planted as an ornamental. Jenkins, M.A., S. Jose and P.S. Part 2 - Recovery Strategy for Eastern Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) in Ontario, prepared by H. Bickerton and M. Thompson-Black for the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Part 3 – Eastern Flowering Dogwood: Ontario Government Response Statement, prepared by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Également disponible en français sous le titre, « Programme de rétablissement du cornouiller fleuri (, Part 1 – Federal Addition to the Recovery Strategy for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood (, Part 2 – Recovery Strategy for the Eastern Flowering Dogwood (, Additions and Modifications to the Adopted Document, 3. It grows from extreme southwestern Maine to eastern Kansas, south to eastern Texas and Florida. Celestial Dogwood (Cornus x ‘Rutdan') - The white bracts overlap and have a green tinge, although they become pure white after a few days. (Accessed November 2010). Similar species: • Alternate-leaved Dogwood (Cornus alternifolia) - has alternate leaves. 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