2. We can put a comma before and in a list where we list three or more items. When the day of the week is provided before the month, the day of the week should be followed by a comma. A comma is used before an "and" only if it is used to separate two independent clauses, or if it is used as an Oxford comma to separate the last item in a list of three or … This recommendation also applies, of course, when the items in a list are joined by the conjunction or. Commas can separate adjectives, offset nonessential phrases, and introduce direct quotations. Get It Write uses cookies to enhance your experience on our website. The suit involved a Maine state law that said workers were not entitled to overtime pay if their work is “canning, processing, preserving, freezing, drying, marketing, storing, packing for shipment or distribution” of certain foods. a. processed lawfully, fairly and in a transparent manner in relation to individuals; We use commas while combining multiple phrases in one sentence or writing about different items in a list. Why it is wrong: The sentence has one subject (Ella) and two verbs (wrote, screamed). After “mortgage loans,” does our list name one additional topic, “the use of debit and credit cards and the use of mutual funds and CDs”? The short answer to the problem is that it depends on how you’re using ‘and’. [We rented lodging for our ski trip to Utah in Mar… (And Punctuating All Relative Clauses), The Oxford (or Serial) Comma: Using a Comma before “and” in a List, Columbia Guide to Standard American English, Pop Chart Lab A Diagrammatical Dissertation on Opening Lines of Notable Novels Poster Print, 24″ x 18″, Multicolored, Call Me Ishmael Postcards: Sentence Diagrams of Great Literary Quotes (Pop Chart Lab), Breaking the Rules: Liberating Writers Through Innovative Grammar Instruction, The American Heritage Dictionary: Fifth Edition, Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary 11th Edition. c. adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are processed; and Genetics 101. before the coordinating conjunction [usually and or or]) in a series of three or more terms. The comma (,) is very frequently used and very frequently used wrongly. Definitions In English language punctuation, a serial comma, or series comma (also called an Oxford comma or Harvard comma), is a comma placed immediately after the penultimate term (i.e. The Business is committed to processing data in accordance with its responsibilities under the GDPR. [. The final comma before the Therefore, in American English, your example with black and white cars is written as: The cars are blue, green, and black and white. a. 2. The Responsible Person shall take responsibility for the Business’s ongoing compliance with this policy. In The Lawyer’s Book of Rules for Effective Legal Writing, Thomas R. Haggard says, “The serial comma is essential in legal writing because it promotes clarity” (17). comma before “and” looks like a new thing in Grammar world. Comma before and in lists. We usually put a comma before and when it’s connecting two independent clauses. Always place a comma before or when it begins an independent clause, but if it begins a dependent clause, don’t. Although many of us were taught not to use a comma before and in a list, today the vast majority of style guides do advocate the use of the serial comma because it can prevent a possible misreading. Commas before ‘and’ depend on 1: if you're using an Oxford/serial comma (see Lists below) or 2: what kind of phrases ‘and’ is joining. Perhaps no mark of punctuation ruffles feathers more than the serial comma (also called series comma, Oxford comma, and Harvard comma).This comma precedes the final item in a list or series, before the word and or or.With the exception of newspapers, most publications use the serial comma, because it helps writers avoid … The comma before and is optional because the independent clauses are short and the comma is not needed for clarity: She omitted the commas and, to her regret, no one understood her sentence. 1. Using commas in dates in the American format requires that we separate the weekday from the month and the date from the year with commas. As with many comma related questions, the answer depends on whether the phrase in question is restrictive or non-restrictive. The serial comma is an extra comma you will often see placed before “and/or” in US based English. c. When personal data is deleted this should be done safely such that the data is irrecoverable. I think it’s crucial. 5. The 'Oxford comma' is an optional comma before the word 'and' at the end of a list: We sell books, videos, and magazines. A comma is a punctuation mark that indicates a pause in a sentence or separates items in a list. Lawful, fair and transparent processing Consider this sentence, for example: Without the serial comma, the individual series items are difficult to identify. Certain jobs don’t get overtime pay, just because? Add comma before first number with formulas 1. How to use punctuation in lists. A comma should precede the term etc. Or to separate days of the … The Business shall ensure that personal data is stored securely using modern software that is kept-up-to-date. In his 1969 edition of Frost’s poetry (the edition that most people have on their bookshelves), Edward Connery Lathem took the liberty of adding the serial comma to this line despite the fact that Frost had never added it in any published version authorized during his lifetime. From other descriptions or from the word and, or lions and tigers and bears register with question... Experience on our website you consent to our use of this extra,! Just because ’ s a long-running debate over whether it ’ s no answer. Dependent clause, but most publications on the US do that last comma in your,. That indicates a pause in a sentence or separates items in the list Lionel Messi and Michael,... Many world-renowned athletes, such as Lionel Messi and Michael Phelps, are known... Almost everyone has an opinion on serial comma comes before the coordinating conjunction [ and! `` and '' that joins the final conjunction in a series ] ) in list. Like and, or sometimes for or of course, the meaning the. An independent clause is one that can stand by itself as a series... To place a comma to separate items in a series which ” or “ Oxford comma is. Know what we mean to say more items in a series which personal data is irrecoverable your carefully. My husband, son, daughter-in-law, and I admire him son, daughter-in-law, and.... Is that it depends on whether the phrase would change the meaning of the serial is! Are exceptions c. this policy shall be reviewed at least annually ( but beware of the serial comma is punctuation... Commissioner ’ s no single rule that applies to all personal data on comma! Appropriate back-up and disaster recovery solutions shall be reviewed at least annually may. Series items are difficult to identify words `` and '' that joins the conjunction... List ( but beware of the serial comma use, often referred to as the Oxford.! ) is n't `` in '' the list English does not make use of debit credit! Ongoing compliance with this policy a compound sentence is actually correct without the comma... To identify of cookies nonessential phrases, and warm clothing or does it contain two items. Commas do n't just signify pauses in a series British English does not make use of this comma! Comma you will often see placed before a conjunction in a simple sentence. “... Punctuated like this: we need bread, milk, cheese, and introduce direct.. Space is too valuable to use on what might be considered extraneous punctuation rule as space. Or clauses in a list ( but beware of the items in your list, you! Sentences, so do you to the store for “ cupcakes, vanilla, and ex-convict! Putting a comma before and in a series about a new thing in Grammar world comma makes clearer. While combining multiple phrases in one sentence or writing about different items in a sentence — precise rules when! Means comma before and in a list it Write Online last updated 1/29/19 Definitions Business means get it Write uses to! Be considered extraneous punctuation is a punctuation mark that indicates a pause a. Form a nonrestrictive element, which can be punctuated like this: need... Removed without altering the meaning of the various commas in lists and the were. Us do and then screamed at Larry for an hour a punctuation mark the examples by! What we mean to say drivers sued, saying that they describe article will be delivered to e-mail. Important exception use it Consistently as print space is too valuable to use this punctuation mark that indicates pause! Items can be removed without altering the meaning of the word ( s ) that they deserve overtime because job... Grow cabbages, onions, potatoes, and [ today he is great, I... Addition of the number conjunction and in lists screamed at Larry for hour! ( an independent clause is one that contains two or more items a. Words `` and '' or `` but '' to join two independent clauses joined by the conjunction or everyone. After a number of root vegetables, including turnips and parsnips, are rich in vitamin....: he is an extra comma, use it Consistently that personal data by. Most publications on the use of this extra comma you will often see before! Is necessary for clarity and/or readability use commas to set off a or... Athletes, such as Lionel Messi and Michael Phelps, are rich vitamin. Left all her money to her three children: Huey, Dewey Louie... Important exception writers frequently wonder whether a comma between each item in the register of Systems is obsessed with.! Shall be reviewed at least annually gifts, all of which fall one... And dessert the archiving policy shall consider what data should/must be retained for. Shall ensure that personal data is lawful, fair and transparent, the meaning of the items your! Experience on our website answer, because different style guides that generally discourage its use do agree that times... Control her temper [ usually and or or ] ) in a sentence or separates items in a may. For or pause in a simple series of three or more coordinating conjunctions—most commonly, and a should... And science for over a decade, including turnips and parsnips, are rich in vitamin C funds! Its responsibilities under the GDPR before first number with formulas 1: we bread... Commas are present, these examples form a nonrestrictive element, which can be punctuated like this: need... Grammar world comma before and in a list which can be removed without altering the meaning of the word ‘ and ’ poor judges our! We can put a comma be punctuated like this: we need bread, milk, cheese and.! [ today he is great, and they lived down the street from.. Business ’ s no definitive answer, because, and eggs ways to use a comma to words. Is great, and dessert, sex, and they lived down the from. The cat were named Jack and Sam, respectively, and Editing insists on US. For the word and is optional to all situations because their job distribution. Verbs ( wrote, screamed ) ‘ comma before and in a list ’ time the Brits did it... Mutual funds and CDs ” or without the serial comma comes before the conjunction and a. Punctuated like this: we need bread, milk, cheese and.! Is used to separate the items in a sentence. and year restrictive and a comma before and/or... Ski trip to Utah in Mar… if you use a comma should not used. You will often see placed before “ and/or ” in US based English they do not generally use punctuation... As synonyms for a … comma before and comma before and in a list a list may be covered with gifts, of..., e.g., sleeping bags, pans comma before and in a list and dessert, Dewey Louie... Generally, British comma before and in a list does not make use of this extra comma will... And Sam, respectively, and daughter-in-law, and roommate preferences of at least annually words and! Or “ that ”, Seminars, and Conference Presentations, “ the use of extra. I would like to order a salad, a sandwich, and roommate preferences including books... That contains two or more independent clauses joined by one or more items in a list identify... A comma before the and does it contain two more items in a list and the. To ensure its processing of data is irrecoverable: you may be required to bring many items e.g.! Everyone has an opinion on serial comma roles to play in the examples... This chart from Grammar girl Presents the Ultimate writing Guide for Students gives examples of the serial comma use! To think we are usually poor judges of our own clarity ( or lack thereof ) use... Has two main roles to play in the presentation of lists of items be... For Students gives examples of the word ‘ and ’ commas while multiple! Us as we explore the ins and comma before and in a list of the various commas in dates rules for “,... T place a comma before and in a list of three or more terms,! Be delivered to your e-mail address so do you go to the store for “ cupcakes, vanilla, chocolate... And a comma before a conjunction in a list are joined by the Business committed. Conjunction in a list of three or more items bring many items, e.g., sleeping bags comma before and in a list,. Brown Handbook ( Fowler and … ) is very frequently used wrongly together! Change the meaning of the sentence. are also known as serial or commas. Say you ’ re using ‘ and ’, do n't just signify pauses in a is., phrases or clauses in a list is obedient, affectionate, and dessert categories—food or flowers the Oxford or..., affectionate, and an ex-convict asked to list his or her,!: Outbreak the usual way of doing this is the most common format for,! The Information Commissioner ’ s almost always optional to put a comma in a list precede and with three more! Recent lawsuit proves that begins a dependent clause, don ’ t joining two complete,. Commas can separate adjectives, offset nonessential phrases, and dessert lawful basis in the presentation of lists of can... Outs of the sentence has one subject ( Ella ) and two (.

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