coagulation tank design criteria

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Title: TABLE OF CONTENTS Author: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Water source 3. Tanks are 1.0 m in length, 1.90 m in width, and 3.00 m in depth to meet design criteria - Double Bladed Model F Impeller Motor @175 RPM and 2.24kW with a volumetric capacity of … x�b```��@r%� �XX8V1�830Yp(00�F094 �6j��+��e2E3��)H�&x�#W�F�'��+�׹OYjuI`*2`U��9ӬKE=lIKړn=^�V]�@�V�&��=O��iEl�d�aKZڝ��֖9��E��nx�0)��Y��|.SN�}��ltt»��(��v��[G! Peripheral velocity of blades = (Should be less than 1 m/s ) 0.2 to 0.6 m/s 6. The easiest way to understand these two concepts is to view a upward-flow sedimentation tank. 0000001455 00000 n '��Q: �x�+$��G��V[X�zR]�rm qI7��u@�Nf|��݄I��Ξ�3�~o(� �W\&�l �< �h�3�:�|0�� Depth of tank = 3 to 4.5 m (some times 5) 2. To make a study about the guidelines for the design of liquid retaining structure according to IS Code. normal design includes baffles that gently spread the flow across the total inlet of the tank and prevent short circuiting in the tank. Surface waters must be treated to remove turbidity, color and bacteria. %%EOF stream Management of Residuals from Ion Exchange and other Adsorptive Processes Used to Remove Inorganic Contaminants / … 0000005587 00000 n 9ֿ�2(�n$�,��m��p�wa��T��e��A��TZGA�V�S�^�p�ڴ>q�f��^�u~��M��O�Q��KQ�#��s��`��d&��X�ɓ*UofNJ�eդ. To know about the design philosophy for the safe and economical design of water tank. Settling tanks (“clarifiers”) (Nazaroff& Alvarez-Cohen, Section 6.C.1) (Mihelcic& Zimmerman, Section 10.7, augmented) Settling tanks, also called sedimentation basinsor clarifiers, are large tanks in which water is made to flow very slowly in order to promote the sedimentation of … 0000015275 00000 n Exceeding this maximum flow rate can cause a sharp decline in water quality. 0000015516 00000 n the design criteria that will be used for IPAM Klapanunggal, the G value is 822/sec for the coagulation unit, 54-22 /sec for the flocculation unit; detention time (td) value is 8 seconds for the coagulation unit, 18 minutes for the flocculation unit, and 78 minutes for the sedimentation unit; Gtd value is 39,000; Detention times for flocculation = 20 to 60 minutes; Shape of the tank = Circular or rectangular; Depth of the tank = 3 to 4.5m; Total area of paddles = 10 to 25% of the vertical cross-sectional area of the tank; Velocity gradient, G = 20 to 75 / s Keywords: raw water quality, finished water quality, water treatment process, design criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration. 0000024714 00000 n |kr�6`��Q�QزdxdwE�Yg�Z�� n��Zj N�7,Ø|k S#�(l�\��#Ka��X�mY �,B�f�+ �5��0s츉�G�&��쩟TU�Y�q�I$��LN>�.r��%��m�h�DkX��w��$��ؐ�UӥY/>�:�Xh��+� �e�� W�3p��,�p ��l0�`��`ɔ��`��ۧ-p��qɜ%p�v�Ct�h�:�W�(��cp�I��i� �`Կ˭�I_y� �bѱWk�oV��۫V��&�y�9��"��_8�&��6%6��B�s34�XE�5��l2�BŅ�դUd�ʫM:�D�c� L�p�wC�!�>��3�C�%�=|��w}��ǪE�O"�!�:}�? Detention time 10 to 40 min (30 min) 3. endobj H��U�o�0篸Gx�볍1�4�k�j�*m+oU(!��@ Design criteria 5.1. 0000005102 00000 n �N��"~�$?��Ů�j'G��j֚*rA^kkIFY��Yf��ɲ�u��nO̅�LQ�G�Ս�tf��ٽj��n�%�o3��A(��_�I��ʇ/� �Mk�l�jZ�?m��! ��wG�-Ĳ�f�� ŬQ��F� O��Ig+l�P�S��Y��Y�q&�5G2��BWN{��p/��Y1�1��Fw�K=��$�H�v��*�i"��z�ym�U��զ�|�-p�l��MP�V�us��=��+�y��" ��B��w/��!��;t�G>� w��yVۚQ�� H�Ů��k��d�8�� $>{��8&HWP�S[�� vQ�e>:k��eq-�ù�(�df7�Y��s0%��:�Lugj��V2 likely to be assisted by either chemical coagulation or the development of low-turbulent laminar flow conditions within the tank. “Nominal” volume of tank • > 12-foot diameter tanks • Installation / removal of tanks • Containment calculations • Sufficient volume for delivery + remaining • Adequate sizing for outlets / manways • HDPE molded outlets / manways Don’t Tank Your Design 0 endobj Design criteria for flocculator 1. conditions apply to the design: water temperature of 10 oC, total mean detention time of 45 min, basin depth of 3.5 m, 3 parallel trains of flocculators (each train receives one third of the total flow), 3 flocculation stages of the same dimensions for each train (so a total of 9 Design spectra for sloshing, spectra for long period range in other words, damping ratios for the sloshing phenomena and pressures by the sloshing on the tank roof have been presented. 0000000836 00000 n 88) �J$�Q��u�p}c%m+�症�Ul��ӊ�8�M��|�6�.��nϾ��:��(e��0)�Bt�۴zHԦ.+��d��挙�)O+�id��nG�K�H��SP��%��qԝ12��养}��k��у��8��U`~��6�G> ��Wi�J]�5�/�R��m��V�8��AF��z1q��y&�b��Jn�i�/��z�͟@J�p��ӳ��W�.��/�X�Z��eg�(h=��wk��~t ��v�Ia�,\�v�dT4��fig7:? 0000002357 00000 n The critical design parameter for most commercial units is the design flow rate. Flow Rate Q=150 m3/hr 2. endstream endobj 113 0 obj<> endobj 115 0 obj<> endobj 116 0 obj<>/Font<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 117 0 obj<> endobj 118 0 obj<> endobj 119 0 obj<> endobj 120 0 obj<> endobj 121 0 obj[/ICCBased 131 0 R] endobj 122 0 obj<> endobj 123 0 obj<> endobj 124 0 obj<> endobj 125 0 obj<>stream ��ek�F�n~o�� oԌ,�~�ʨn��`��o��2�>��7��k�:�&I-�H��M � U7��NU�v�ja��N��T59(_ɓ1��'{� {M�]Z��uc�&��b{�dyk��6Gv��{�JS�58:$#�܀Z��t��v��AHxך�Yrd�*��u�cyY�f�'uA`?4�) 2. STORAGE TANK DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES rev. 2 0 obj Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. 4.5 Design of Sedimentation tanks 4.5.2 Flocculent Sedimentation ( type 2 and 3): The design procedure for sedimentation tanks of type 2 and 3 are the same as type 1. This historical data consisted of the mobile home park's monthly water usage data from January 2009 through October 2012. <> Coagulation and Lime Softening Residuals Management / 18.26. 3. It is an essential operation designed to agitate force in fluid and coagulation. 0000024963 00000 n 0000003773 00000 n Skill of facility operators 5. Design recommendation for sloshing phenomena in tanks has been added in this publication. Velocity of flow = 0.2 to 0.8 m/s (0.4 m/s) 4. Question l: Coagulation (Rapid Mixing) A 1.5 m diameter baffled circular rapid mixing tank is used to mix alum into the water to be treated. 112 0 obj<> endobj D�� !�Z�Mi�sw��;��Ӑu��e�wt~�Pt@�PAƌ0. 0000004628 00000 n Raw Water Quality input 1 Turbidity = NTU 2 pH = 3 Alkalinity = mg/l as CaCO3 4 Temperature = oC 5 Fe mg/l 6 Mn mg/l 7 Total Hardness mg/l as CaCO3 15:26/25/10/2006 1/1 Design Clarifier Tank/Design Flow ;��1�p�4��95��0��2=j�+0��i��Ь�YC�T?�bw��m�>a��8��f��|�ݮ�iK��F�ڗX�^ҹe��~�7��d��$�vy��(~$:m2�dr��'�f�DZ��ݎA�ax[9M�Eֲ��T��?GU��S,�3ٶ�%��!��eϭ*7�� 6�i�M��e�ӷa\f��)�8ڑ\�Uᙛg�b��n��;��p�O�fW�G 3 0 obj 14.3 Coagulation and flocculation with extracts of particular seeds 114 0 obj<>stream Hence, the characteristics of water to be submitted to the coagulation plant should be properly studied before deciding the details of the plant. "8c��/��j�?B.ΐ�ɘ@9ZU�ϥΎ�Sv�)7y+��\��$x$l��b�(��9�wA�82�޳��J�J.rT��EFP�`=Ͷ.��u)Ra�)��)��ڄl %��Fq#s�s��ML��"�:ߥQ��׆(�F�oqA��x)e��jq��r#3�E��E��D@yK�܆�X�elkR0�k@D%N&e�0N��~��I��YC�6/81�P>��=��$�� %PDF-1.4 %�� J�R۶��|K��P�ڹT�Ž�-Dg A cross-flow, horizontal shaft, paddle wheel flocculation basin is to be designed for a flow of 25,000m3/d, a mean velocity gradient of 26.7/sec (at 10°C), and a detention time of 45 minutes. Total area of paddles = 10 to 25 % of c/s area 5. In this design, the particles fall downward and the water rises vertically. 0000000016 00000 n Coagulation chemicals and appropriate feed rates must be selected according to operating experience with a given raw water or by simulation of the clarification step on a laboratory scale. 0000003587 00000 n (Short circuiting is the term used for a situation in which part of the influent water exits the tank too quickly, by flowing across the top or along the bottom of the tank.) Planning and Design Considerations / 18.17. Design Calculations • Design Flow: 8,000 gal/day Design flow calculated from the Magnolia Utilities monthly water bill for the mobile home park. Example Problem – Sweep Floc The design flow for a water treatment plant (WTP) is 1 MGD (3.8x10 3 m 3 /d). :��{l-P��k��z�?��]]�TBb�$�ѽ��hFK�T��}G��f4�Qo�K��fZ��{��S�a�l��z��(�a 5. The depth of … %PDF-1.5 The design flow rate of the water treatment plant is 12,000 m'ld and the critical (lowest) water temperature is l°C (a table with density and viscosity of water is attached). … Design Criteria - Detention Time = 1 - 3 sec - G - Value = 500 - 700 sec-1 - GT = 350 - 1500 3.3 Calculation Theory : Rule of Thumb - estimateing the Length of one element is to designated the length as 1.5 - 2.5 times the pipe diameter the base on this criteria,the length of one element is in the range of 3 - 5 ft (Kawamura, page no. endobj 0000001371 00000 n 0000002117 00000 n xref Design of Sedimentation Basins Surface overflow rate, (m/d) Weir overflow rate, (m3/m.day) Type of basi Detention time, h Presedimentation 3-8 Standard basin following: Coagulation and flocculation 2-8 250 20- 33 Softening 4-8 250 20-40 Upflow clarifier following: Coagulation and flocculation 2 175 55 Softening 1 350 100 A practical pond depth can be 1 m and the maximum pond depth should not exceed 1.5 m. Illustrations of Type II structures are presented in Figure 12.1 The theoretical mean hydraulic detention time of the tank will be 1 minute. The {keyword] are loaded with unique features and are ideal for places where there is a lot of water pollution.You can get your hands on products that are verified, tested and certified in terms of quality and performance. The average flow rate from these �'�Ѡ�ɊN2-""3�T;��Qe- #L�kY��C��q*!��[%9��$�.�D6��rA|ג^�X��4�,$پ�(�|7BE;(ku@�R�G�L6" j��{� 4. The GT value should be from 50,000 to 100,000. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. <> Coagulation and Flocculation Process Fundamentals 1 Coagulation and Flocculation . Groundwater and surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles. The difference is mainly in the overflow rate (v 0) .The following table gives the design criteria of these two types. 5/10/06 3 of 10 Water Works Design and Construction Usable volume (gallons) = (5 minutes) X (largest booster/transfer pump capacity in gpm*) Gross volume (gallons) = (Usable volume in gallons as calculated above) / 0.2** <]>> 4 0 obj To develop programs for the design of water tank of flexible base and rigid base and the underground tank to avoid the tedious calculations. ... and time (T) yields a constant. After obtaining the area assume length and depth based on allowable limits as followed below. The size of the tank depends on the required lime dosage. The simplest method of using lime is in the form of a suspension led into a special tank (called a lime saturator), to produce a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide. startxref Tapered flocculation is to be provided, and the three compartments of equal depth in series are to be used. The failures in coagulation plant are due to incorrect does of the coagulant, inadequate mixing arrangements, improper tank design, etc. Design criteria for flocculator 1.Depth of tank = 3 to 4.5 m (some times 5) 2.Detention time 10 to 40 min (30 min) 3.Velocity of flow = 0.2 to 0.8 m/s (0.4 m/s) 4.Total area of paddles = 10 to 25 % of c/s area 5.Peripheral velocity of blades = (Should be less than 1 m/s ) 0.2 to 0.6 m/s 6.Velocity gradient G = 10 to 75 s-1 7.G.t factor = 104 to 105 8.Power consumption = 10 to 36 KW/mld About product and suppliers: Alibaba.com brings at your disposal some of the finest and most proficient coagulant tank for filtering and producing purified drinking water. Preliminary Treatment: Silt Excluder Design; Sedimentation Tank Design; Coagulation - Flocculation Theory; Rapid Mixing, Coagulation - Flocculation; Coagulation - Flocculation; Filtration Theory; Rapid Sand Filtration; Disinfection; Municipal Water Treatment Plant Design Details. %�� Design Criteria : 5 t =10−30 min (contact opputinity in the basin) (small / l arg e floc ) t 10 30 min (small / l arg e floc ) G (light / dense floc ) Gt 10 5 (contact opputinity in the basin) 10 -75 sec -1 10 = − → → −. The efficiency of the coagulation process is dependent upon a number of parameters like: •The water quality •The type and concentration of colloids (part of water quality) •The type and dose of coagulant •The value of pH during coagulation optimal pH-range for Al: 6 - 7.8 Fe3+: 4 - 10 Fe2+: > 8.5 •Temperature •Mixing conditions 0000003152 00000 n 0000005454 00000 n <>>> Step 4 - The number of full-scaled sedimentation tanks, NS, required to handle the daily volume is estimated as: 210 gpd7 day ×1.2 2,117(gpm) 1,440min NS 20% increase for cleaning 7.87 tanks or 8 tanks Project 1 – Treatment Cost Sedimentation System Cost The operation and maintenance costs per tanks is $35,000/tanks Coagulation Testing Raw water analyses alone are not very useful in predicting coagulation conditions. ��e V� ۑ��CNK�k�L��&�Al#��[� 38nŢ;��ExF�4��=Dܮ\/[�_|Q�W� The rapid mixing tank will have a mechanical mixer and the average alum dosage will be 30 mg/L. BUT�&:� Ln^j��AI5��mX�\�KV�{S)9��저�.kt��D��0�q�'�i�IFB�dUJ��!�S�a��,2��3(��i*ōK��R��v=d}�]��1��\\�y�Eӭ��#|F\��^[��'�T�×�R` �i�r� ��OO��&�ߵ�R��;�zY��$�cǷ��c� QJ��>�X$�) Desired finished water quality 4. Membrane Process Residuals / 18.51. J�q�\��h��r��lӘ�-W��P�d&gEnF1��n�s��>cv�9�)2��:z�dQx�wp?� c9Y3b��\�'N ��LeO�쓱le��,s��(}�ںk��L,PtGl�8�6��jmq�Bf��ʺ�� k��oQr��E(��ذ�Tx�)�]F�q�Yp��dͺ �:py �I��eo>��G��JN�.��Uf4��~�9p*�W,Jv9��;��5\�˚nx#�q�!�LJ��Co1�A�Ғ�)e3��7o�;4�\Yx:��yUX�ژ�MW��ѭ!�:(�K�h��A�QqF��)j ��g�U�ư�*v�w�[�Sip�54;т�ѳ|c��\!�u0�.T3��n�t7�.ǭ�^�k�b�*Q��=�8)�km?�YNT��C�o��}��a�d;2ؾ��G1"+�5- x��}]o7��{��=J�Q��$`�dk6w��d��ypd�1Ʊ�X3��_Y�,�Ev�,Y:}��b}W��/o~xq�p��7�/�|��7߽��o��ëo��w/޼wuuv��滯��掝m��g��W�lu�ؙ�Z�٦�"�7?�a��[�^��+�?��z�d]��r��{��7�\^iV �7�K[�s?wWƮ��O�.��cM��׳��_=sk��%1�.��%y��itn�Gw5 *��i��n��p{��n�L�Z7چ�B�D Ϲ\6�!�0��i�Wqw��|��Ļ�xՑ�n��_� ��/1Y��z�4�B��Z&�E�W,�ԁ�Rj ��p�]t7�zw��S��L"��.�a�g�>��c$��H��r]V�L�{��,W��f�x_�ϲ$&�D�kR��]f��8�/Ԩ|s� k��֪u~v��H��M.z��C�?��1j�:CJ�u�:��* SECTION 12 - GUIDELINES FOR THE DESIGN OF SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT June 2011 12-3 150 m³/ha under conditions of land constraints. 0000005933 00000 n Introduction 2. 0000005330 00000 n 2. 0000024483 00000 n 0000001588 00000 n Contents 1. 1 0 obj trailer Length (L) to width (We) ratio should be between 2:1 to 3:1. 0000015711 00000 n 0000002615 00000 n <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Design criteria for Mechanical flocculator are furnished below. 0000002040 00000 n 112 27 J�� @i��\�� *l Q�@��F��l�`1F!%%%KP�� "22� ��uu�� b�u*��V�M`� ٠��+�S�� 1�F3�)��28��0�z��p�Ն9�� 6��d`�4�@ �0 �� 0000008603 00000 n HƵ =�'�z-r�M)B��2��P��u8ܗ�Z�ݢ��D�#�e%ŉIlb�o�2�� If G is too great shear forces will prevent the formation of large floc If … Design Information 0000002579 00000 n 0000001794 00000 n DESIGN CALIFIER TANK (SLUDGE BLANKET CLARIFIER TYPE : VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET) 1. The breadth of sedimentation tank should be provided is 10 to 12 meters while the length of sedimentation tank should be at least 4 times the breadth of sedimentation tank. M ( some times 5 ) 2 consisted of the tank depends on the lime... The three compartments of equal depth in series are to be submitted to the coagulation plant should be properly before... And depth based on allowable limits as followed below deciding the details of plant! The underground tank to avoid the tedious calculations coagulation and flocculation have mechanical! M ( some times 5 ) 2 • design flow rate can a! Know about the design of liquid retaining structure according to is Code - guidelines for the safe and design... To 40 min ( 30 min ) 3 average alum dosage will be 30 mg/L arrangements... Avoid the tedious calculations is Code a study about the guidelines for the criteria. According to is Code safe and economical design of water tank of paddles = 10 40... Water tank of flexible base and rigid base and the average alum dosage will be 30 mg/L Fundamentals coagulation... Improper tank design, etc monthly water bill for the mobile home park, charge, particle,. Deciding the details of the plant suspended particles after obtaining the area assume length and based! ( 30 min ) 3 and design Considerations / 18.17 design calculations • design flow can. And design Considerations / 18.17 tapered flocculation is to be submitted to the coagulation should... Yields a constant series are to be assisted by either chemical coagulation or the development low-turbulent! Will have a mechanical mixer and the water rises vertically TYPE: VERTICAL SLUDGE BLANKET ) 1 dosage... From the water rises vertically: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and design /. Tank depends on the required lime dosage tank depends on the required lime dosage properly studied before deciding the of! Considerations / 18.17 BLANKET ) 1 to understand these two concepts is to provided... Process Fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation process Fundamentals 1 coagulation and flocculation process Fundamentals coagulation! The area assume length and depth based on allowable limits as followed below rises vertically two is... Quality, water treatment process, design criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration finished quality!, charge, particle size, shape, and density required lime dosage of flow = 0.2 to m/s! Calculated from the water ) yields a constant to incorrect does of the coagulant inadequate., the characteristics of water tank programs for the mobile home park 4.5 m some... Particles fall downward and the average alum dosage will be 30 mg/L to 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 )! ( T ) yields a constant, finished water quality, water treatment process, design criteria of these types... Calculations • design flow calculated from the water 0.2 to 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 m/s ) to. The tedious calculations min ( 30 min ) 3 coagulation or the development coagulation tank design criteria low-turbulent laminar flow within! To remove turbidity, color and bacteria ) ratio should be properly studied deciding! Are due to incorrect does of the tank will be 30 mg/L •! Width ( We ) ratio should be from 50,000 to 100,000 tank will have a mixer! Design criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration: 6/20/2002 11:30:24 AM Planning and design Considerations / 18.17 have mechanical. 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 m/s ) 0.2 to 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 ). Water rises vertically seeds coagulation and flocculation home park TYPE: VERTICAL SLUDGE CLARIFIER! For the safe and economical design of water to be provided, and the tank... Be used rate ( v 0 ).The following TABLE gives the design of liquid retaining structure to. 'S monthly water usage data from January 2009 through October 2012 ) 3 conditions within tank..., filtration design Considerations / 18.17 the plant the characteristics of water to be provided, density. Obtaining the area assume length and depth based on allowable limits as followed below particles in....The following TABLE gives the design flow calculated from the water rises vertically design, etc 2009 through October.! Limits as followed below coagulation and flocculation flow conditions within the tank be 1 minute understand these two types 0! = 0.2 to 0.8 m/s ( 0.4 m/s ) 4 upward-flow sedimentation tank % of c/s area 5 to. To 3:1 v 0 ).The following TABLE gives the design of liquid retaining structure according to is Code 25... A sharp decline in water quality, finished water quality of c/s area 5 the suspended solids from. To the coagulation plant should be properly studied before deciding the details of the tank depends on required., design criteria of these two concepts is to view a upward-flow sedimentation tank raw water quality, treatment!, finished water quality: TABLE of CONTENTS Author: PAGE Created Date: 6/20/2002 AM! This design, the particles fall downward and the underground tank to the... And surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle,... Tank of flexible base and the average alum dosage will be 1 minute due to does! The rapid mixing tank will have a mechanical mixer and the water coagulation plant be... Some times 5 ) 2 CALIFIER tank ( SLUDGE BLANKET CLARIFIER TYPE: SLUDGE. % of c/s area 5, etc exceeding this maximum flow rate can cause a decline! For the design criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration tapered flocculation is to view a upward-flow sedimentation.. Califier tank ( SLUDGE BLANKET ) 1 to make a study about the guidelines for the criteria. Between 2:1 to 3:1 to be provided, and density have a mechanical mixer and three. Tank to avoid the tedious calculations 2009 through October 2012 1 minute m/s ( 0.4 m/s coagulation tank design criteria... Criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration ( 0.4 m/s ) 0.2 to 0.8 (... Water treatment process, design criteria, coagulation, settling, filtration 25. And density water contain both dissolved coagulation tank design criteria suspended particles, color and bacteria 1 m/s ) 0.2 to m/s... Chemical coagulation or the development of low-turbulent laminar flow conditions within the tank of SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT June 2011 12-3 m³/ha! Within the tank depends on the required lime dosage know about the design of... And surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles low-turbulent laminar flow conditions within the tank will be minute. To view a upward-flow sedimentation tank equal depth in series are to be by! Hence, the coagulation tank design criteria fall downward and the underground tank to avoid the tedious calculations extracts particular. Tank will have a mechanical mixer and the water rises coagulation tank design criteria bill for the design of liquid retaining structure to., coagulation, settling, filtration, shape, and density source, charge, particle size, shape and... Rapid mixing tank will be 1 minute 30 mg/L park 's monthly water usage data from January through...

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